Question:
Write the reactions involved when D-glucose is treated with the following reagents:
(a) HCN
(b) Br\(_2\) water
Write the reactions involved when D-glucose is treated with the following reagents:
(a) HCN
(b) Br\(_2\) water
(a) HCN
(b) Br\(_2\) water
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Cyanohydrin formation is a typical nucleophilic addition reaction, and oxidation with bromine water converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids.
Updated On: Feb 28, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
(a) Reaction of D-glucose with HCN:
When D-glucose is treated with hydrogen cyanide (HCN), it undergoes cyanohydration to form a cyanohydrin, specifically D-glucose cyanohydrin.
\[
\text{D-glucose} + HCN \rightarrow \text{D-glucose cyanohydrin}
\]
(b) Reaction of D-glucose with Br\(_2\) water:
When D-glucose is treated with bromine water, it undergoes oxidation at the aldehyde group. This converts the aldehyde group to a carboxylic acid group, and the product is gluconic acid.
\[
\text{D-glucose} + Br_2 \text{(water)} \rightarrow \text{Gluconic acid}
\]
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