Write the reaction of glucose with:
(a) HI
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Solution and Explanation
(a) When glucose is heated with excess HI, it is fully reduced to form n-hexane. This proves that glucose has a straight-chain structure. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + \text{HI} \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{n-C}_6\text{H}_{14} \] \[ \boxed{\text{Glucose} + \text{HI} \rightarrow \text{n-hexane}} \] (b) Br\(_2\) water
Solution:
(b) Br\(_2\) water is a mild oxidising agent. It oxidizes the aldehyde group (–CHO) in glucose to carboxylic acid (–COOH), forming gluconic acid. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + \text{Br}_2 \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_7 + 2\text{HBr} \] \[ \boxed{\text{Glucose} + \text{Br}_2 \rightarrow \text{Gluconic acid}} \]
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