Question

Why is sodium metal kept immersed in kerosene?

Hint:

Other highly reactive alkali metals like potassium are also stored in kerosene for safety.

Answer 1

Step 1: Reactivity of Sodium
Sodium is a very highly reactive alkali metal. It reacts vigorously with oxygen, water, and even moisture in the air.
Step 2: Reaction with Oxygen and Water
\[ 2Na + 2H_{2}O \longrightarrow 2NaOH + H_{2} \uparrow + \text{Heat} \] This reaction is so violent that it may cause explosion due to heat and hydrogen gas.
Step 3: Storage Method
To prevent accidental reaction, sodium is stored under kerosene. Kerosene is an organic liquid that does not react with sodium and isolates it from moisture and air.
Step 4: Applications of Sodium
Used in making soaps and detergents.
Used in sodium vapour lamps.
Used as a reducing agent in chemical industries.
Final Answer:
Sodium is kept in kerosene to prevent violent reactions with air or water, which could cause fire or explosions.