Question

Which of the following is an allotrope of carbon?

• A. Diamond
• B. Fullerene
• C. Graphite
• D. All of these

Hint:

Other allotropes of carbon include carbon nanotubes and graphene, both important in modern materials science.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Concept of Allotropy:
Allotropy is the property of an element to exist in two or more different physical forms in the same physical state. Carbon shows a wide variety of allotropes due to its versatile bonding ability. Step 2: Explanation of Options:
Diamond: Each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds (sp$^3$ hybridization). Hardest natural substance, used in cutting tools.
Graphite: Each carbon atom bonds with three others (sp$^2$ hybridization). Conducts electricity due to free electrons. Used in pencils and lubricants.
Fullerene (C$_{60}$): Carbon atoms arranged in a soccer-ball-like structure. Used in nanotechnology.
Step 3: Conclusion:
Since all these are known forms of carbon, they are allotropes.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct answer is All of these.