Question

Who has discussed 'Basic anxiety' and Basic hostility'?

• A. Karen Horney
• B. Dollard and Miller
• C. B. F. Skinner
• D. Albert Bandura

Hint:

Associate Karen Horney with the idea of "social" psychoanalysis. Her focus was on social relationships and culture, and the anxiety and hostility that can arise from them, which sets her apart from Freud's biological focus.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the psychoanalytic theorist who proposed the core concepts of "basic anxiety" and "basic hostility."
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(A) Karen Horney: A prominent neo-Freudian theorist, Horney's theory is centered on the idea that a child's early social environment, particularly the parent-child relationship, is crucial for development. She argued that if parents are indifferent, inconsistent, or rejecting, the child develops basic hostility toward them. Because this hostility cannot be safely expressed, it is repressed and gives rise to basic anxiety, a feeling of being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world.
(B) Dollard and Miller: Known for integrating psychoanalytic concepts with learning theory, particularly the frustration-aggression hypothesis.
(C) B. F. Skinner: A radical behaviorist known for his work on operant conditioning.
(D) Albert Bandura: A social learning theorist known for his work on observational learning and self-efficacy.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The concepts of 'basic anxiety' and 'basic hostility' were introduced by Karen Horney.