Vitamin D is the only vitamin that the body synthesizes upon exposure to sunlight. Specifically, ultraviolet B (UVB) rays from sunlight trigger the production of Vitamin D in the skin. This process involves converting a cholesterol derivative (7-dehydrocholesterol) in the skin into Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). The body then further converts Vitamin D3 into its active form, calcitriol, which is crucial for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood and promoting bone health.
Vitamin A, B, and C are not synthesized through sunlight exposure and are obtained through dietary sources. Vitamin A comes from food sources like carrots and leafy vegetables, Vitamin B is found in various foods like grains and meat, and Vitamin C is abundant in citrus fruits and vegetables.