Which of the following statements (pertaining to CPM network analysis) are correct?
A. It is an event-oriented method.
B. It is an activity-oriented method.
C. Time and cost are controlling factors.
D. Time alone is the controlling factor.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Step 1: Difference between PERT and CPM.
- PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is an event-oriented method, focusing on uncertainties in project time.
- CPM (Critical Path Method) is an activity-oriented method, focusing on planning, scheduling, and control of time and cost.
Step 2: Checking each statement.
- (A) Event-oriented → This is true for PERT, not CPM. Hence, incorrect.
- (B) Activity-oriented → Correct for CPM.
- (C) Time and cost are controlling factors → Correct, CPM deals with cost and time optimization.
- (D) Time alone is the controlling factor → Incorrect, because CPM considers both time and cost.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct statements are B and C only.
The time estimates obtained from four contractors (P, Q, R and S) for executing a particular job are as under:
\[\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf{Contractor} & \textbf{Optimistic time, $t_o$} & \textbf{Most likely time, $t_m$} & \textbf{Pessimistic time, $t_p$} \\ \hline \text{P} & 5 & 10 & 13 \\ \hline \text{Q} & 6 & 9 & 12 \\ \hline \text{R} & 5 & 10 & 14 \\ \hline \text{S} & 4 & 10 & 13 \\ \hline \end{array}\]
Which of these contractors is more certain about completing the job in time?
A weight of $500\,$N is held on a smooth plane inclined at $30^\circ$ to the horizontal by a force $P$ acting at $30^\circ$ to the inclined plane as shown. Then the value of force $P$ is:
A steel wire of $20$ mm diameter is bent into a circular shape of $10$ m radius. If modulus of elasticity of wire is $2\times10^{5}\ \text{N/mm}^2$, then the maximum bending stress induced in wire is: