Which of the following reagents/reactions will convert ‘A’ to ‘B’?
- PCC oxidation
- Ozonolysis
- \(BH_3\), \(H_2O_2\)/\(–OH\) followed by PCC oxidation
- HBr, hydrolysis followed by oxidation by \(K_2Cr_2O_7\).
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The first step involves addition of \(H_2O\) to alkene according to anti-markownikoff’s rule while the second step involves oxidation of 1° alcohol to aldehyde.
So, the correct option is (C): \(BH_3\), \(H_2O_2\)/\(–OH\) followed by PCC oxidation.
Top Questions on Alcohols
- Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between 3-pentanol and 2-pentanol.
- Write the mechanism of dehydration of ethyl alcohol with conc. H$_2$SO$_4$ at 413 K.
Alcohols undergo a number of reactions involving the cleavage of C – OH bond. However, phenols do not undergo reactions involving the cleavage of C – OH bond. Alcohols are weaker acids than water. Alcohols react with halogen acids to form the corresponding haloaklanes. Phenols are stronger acids than alcohols. A charac- teristic feature of phenols is that they undergo electrophilic substitution reactions such as halogenation, nitration, etc. Since –OH group is a strong activating group, phenol gives trisubstituted products during halogenation, nitration, etc.
- Which of the following is a primary alcohol?
- Which of the following contains 2 primary –OH groups in its structure?
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Reason (R) : The speed of light reduces in an optically denser medium than air while its frequency does not change.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - The increase in pressure required to decrease the volume of a water sample by 0.2percentage is \( P \times 10^5 \, \text{Nm}^{-2} \). Bulk modulus of water is \( 2.15 \times 10^9 \, \text{Nm}^{-2} \). The value of \( P \) is ________________.
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Concepts Used:
Physical Properties - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers are organic compounds that exhibit a range of physical properties.
Physical Properties of Alcohols:
Alcohols are generally colorless, flammable liquids or solids with a characteristic odor. They have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight due to hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups. Alcohols also exhibit higher viscosity and surface tension than hydrocarbons. Alcohols are soluble in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups and water molecules.
Physical Properties of Phenols:
Phenols are generally colorless to light pink or brown, crystalline solids with a distinctive odor. They have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight due to hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups. Phenols are less soluble in water than alcohols due to the lack of a second hydroxyl group for hydrogen bonding. They are, however, soluble in organic solvents.
Also Read: Physical and Chemical Properties of Alcohol
Physical Properties of Ethers:
Ethers are generally colorless, flammable liquids or gases with a characteristic odor. They have lower boiling points than alcohols of comparable molecular weight due to the absence of hydrogen bonding. Ethers are also less polar than alcohols and are less soluble in water. They are, however, more soluble in organic solvents than alcohols.
In summary, alcohols, phenols, and ethers exhibit a range of physical properties that depend on their molecular structure and functional groups. Understanding these physical properties is important for predicting the behavior of these compounds in various applications, such as in the production of solvents, fuels, and pharmaceuticals.