Question

Which among the following statement(s) is/are true about René Descartes’ methods and his assumption that epistemic advance (method of discovery) is the only criterion of knowledge?

• A. Algebra is a method of discovery par excellence
• B. Deductive inference is epistemically informative
• C. Galileo's methodology is acceptable
• D. Connection between algebra and logic is rejected

Hint:

Descartes valued algebra and mathematical methods for epistemic discovery, but he did not fully align himself with empirical methodologies like Galileo's.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, D

Step 1: Descartes' emphasis on rationalism and method.
Descartes is a central figure in the development of modern epistemology. His method of discovery, based on doubt and reason, is aimed at achieving certainty through clear and distinct ideas. He particularly valued mathematical methods and deductive reasoning as tools for epistemic progress.

Step 2: Evaluation of the options.
(A) is correct because Descartes considered algebra and mathematics to be the most reliable methods for discovering truths, especially due to their clear and logical structure.
(B) is incorrect because, although Descartes emphasizes deduction, he focuses more on the method of doubt and clear reasoning rather than simply regarding deductive inference as the criterion of knowledge.
(C) is incorrect because Descartes did not fully accept Galileo's methodology, particularly in relation to empirical observation, as being sufficient for epistemic certainty.
(D) is correct because Descartes integrated algebra and logic, but he did not necessarily believe that logic and algebra should be treated as entirely separate domains. However, in his method, he did not necessarily equate them directly as he pursued the more abstract and universal principles through rational inquiry.