In a p-n junction diode under forward bias, the charge carriers responsible for current flow in the external circuit are free electrons. These electrons are present in the n-type material, and they move towards the p-type material. The free electrons from the n-side travel through the external circuit to the p-side, where they recombine with holes. This flow of free electrons constitutes the current in the connecting wire.
Sliding contact of a potentiometer is in the middle of the potentiometer wire having resistance \( R_p = 1 \, \Omega \) as shown in the figure. An external resistance of \( R_e = 2 \, \Omega \) is connected via the sliding contact.
The current \( i \) is :