Question:
What were the techniques developed by Parāśara and Varāhamihira to predict rainfall based on?
What were the techniques developed by Parāśara and Varāhamihira to predict rainfall based on?
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Parāśara and Varāhamihira used the skies, animals, and seasons as natural indicators for predicting the monsoons.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
Ancient Indian sages such as Parāśara and Varāhamihira developed sophisticated methods to forecast rainfall—vital for agriculture in a monsoon-dependent society.
Their techniques relied on a blend of:
Astronomy: Monitoring planetary conjunctions, especially of Jupiter and Venus, and lunar phases.
Meteorological observation: Direction and color of winds, cloud patterns, thunder, and lightning signs.
Phenology (natural indicators): Behaviors of birds and animals, blooming of specific plants, and atmospheric changes.
Time cycles: Use of nakṣatras (lunar mansions) and tithis (lunar days) to determine rainfall periods.
For example, Varāhamihira’s \textit{Bṛhatsaṃhitā} discusses omens and celestial phenomena associated with rain prediction. These ancient models demonstrate a close observation of nature, refined over generations, and tailored to practical agrarian needs.
Astronomy: Monitoring planetary conjunctions, especially of Jupiter and Venus, and lunar phases.
Meteorological observation: Direction and color of winds, cloud patterns, thunder, and lightning signs.
Phenology (natural indicators): Behaviors of birds and animals, blooming of specific plants, and atmospheric changes.
Time cycles: Use of nakṣatras (lunar mansions) and tithis (lunar days) to determine rainfall periods.
For example, Varāhamihira’s \textit{Bṛhatsaṃhitā} discusses omens and celestial phenomena associated with rain prediction. These ancient models demonstrate a close observation of nature, refined over generations, and tailored to practical agrarian needs.
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