Question

What should be done for water conservation and water management?

Hint:

“{R-E-D-P-A-R}” → Rainwater harvesting, Efficient irrigation, Dams, Pollution control, Afforestation, Recycling.

Answer 1

Step 1: Importance of Water
Water is essential for survival of all living beings. Only about 1% of Earth’s water is directly usable for human needs. Due to population growth, urbanisation, and climate change, water scarcity has become a major issue. Therefore, water conservation and proper water management are crucial.
Step 2: Methods of Water Conservation and Management
Rainwater Harvesting: Collecting rainwater from rooftops and storing it in tanks or allowing it to recharge groundwater. This reduces dependence on municipal water supply and increases groundwater levels.
Efficient Irrigation Practices: Traditional irrigation wastes a lot of water. Methods like drip irrigation and sprinkler systems deliver water directly to the roots of crops, reducing wastage.
Construction of Dams and Reservoirs: Large dams store water for irrigation, electricity generation, and drinking purposes. Multipurpose dams also help in flood control.
Preventing Water Pollution: Avoiding the discharge of untreated sewage and industrial waste into rivers and lakes keeps water resources clean and reusable.
Afforestation and Soil Conservation: Planting trees prevents soil erosion, increases groundwater recharge, and helps maintain the water cycle.
Public Awareness: Educating people to use water wisely at homes, offices, and industries—for example, fixing leaking taps, reusing water for gardening, and avoiding overuse of water in daily chores.
Recycling and Reuse: Wastewater from industries and domestic use can be treated and reused for purposes like gardening and cooling in factories.
Step 3: Examples of Water Management in India
Traditional systems like “Ahar-Pyne” in Bihar, “Khadins” in Rajasthan, and “Tankas” in Gujarat.
Modern projects like Bhakra Nangal Dam and Tehri Dam.
Final Answer:
Water can be conserved and managed through rainwater harvesting, efficient irrigation, building dams, preventing pollution, afforestation, awareness programs, and recycling. These methods ensure sustainable use of water for future generations.