Question

What is a solenoid? Draw a neat diagram and name its various components.

Hint:

A solenoid is a coil of wire that generates a magnetic field when electricity flows through it. The field inside a solenoid is strong and uniform. Adding an iron core strengthens the field, making it an electromagnet.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of a solenoid
A solenoid is a cylindrical coil of insulated wire that acts like a magnet when an electric current flows through it. It produces a uniform magnetic field similar to a bar magnet, with a north and south pole.
Step 2: Working of a solenoid
When an electric current passes through the solenoid, it generates a magnetic field inside and around it. The field strength depends on:

• The number of turns in the coil.
• The current flowing through the coil.
• The core material inside the solenoid.

Step 3: Diagram of a solenoid
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Step 4: Components of a solenoid
1. Coil of wire – Conducting wire wound in a cylindrical shape.
2. Current source – A battery or power supply providing electric current.
3. Magnetic field lines – Represent the magnetic field around the solenoid.
4. Core (optional) – A ferromagnetic material inside the coil to strengthen the field.
Step 5: Applications of a solenoid
- Used in electromagnets, relays, and electric bells. - Found in MRI machines, solenoid valves, and inductors. Thus, a solenoid is an important component in electrical and magnetic applications.