Question

What happens when (write only chemical equations):

(i) Ethanol is heated with sodium bromide and conc. \( H_2SO_4 \):

(ii) Toluene reacts with \( Cl_2 \) gas in the presence of Fe powder in the dark:

(iii) Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with water:

(iv) 2-Bromopentane is heated with alcoholic \( KOH \):

Hint:

Heating alcohols with sodium halides and acids forms alkyl halides.

Answer 1

(i) Ethanol is heated with sodium bromide and conc. \( H_2SO_4 \): \[ C_2H_5OH + NaBr + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow C_2H_5Br + NaHSO_4 + H_2O. \]

(ii) Toluene reacts with \( Cl_2 \) gas in the presence of Fe powder in the dark:

\[ C_6H_5CH_3 + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{Fe} C_6H_4ClCH_3 + HCl. \]

(iii) Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with water:

\[ C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^- + H_2O \xrightarrow{\Delta} C_6H_5OH + N_2 + HCl. \]

(iv) 2-Bromopentane is heated with alcoholic \( KOH \):

\[ CH_3CH(Br)CH_2CH_2CH_3 \xrightarrow{alc.\,KOH} CH_3CH=CHCH_2CH_3 + HBr. \]