Question

What are disasters? Explain their types.

Hint:

Disaster management involves preparedness, response, and recovery efforts to minimize the impact of disasters.

Answer 1

A disaster is an event that causes significant damage, destruction, or loss of life, disrupting normal life. Disasters can be natural or man-made. Here are the main types of disasters:

Natural Disasters: These are caused by natural forces such as:

Earthquakes: Sudden shaking of the earth's surface caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
Floods: Overflow of water onto land that is usually dry, often caused by heavy rainfall or river overflow.
Cyclones/Typhoons: Violent storms that cause high winds, heavy rains, and coastal flooding.
Volcanic Eruptions: Eruption of molten rock, gas, and ash from a volcano that can devastate surrounding areas.

Man-Made Disasters: These result from human actions, including:

Industrial Accidents: Such as chemical spills or nuclear accidents that lead to environmental harm and human casualties.
Wars and Conflicts: Armed conflict and warfare that cause widespread destruction and loss of life.
Pollution: Environmental degradation caused by the release of harmful substances into the air, water, and land.


Conclusion: Disasters, both natural and man-made, cause immense harm to society. Effective preparedness and response can mitigate their impact.