Question:

Transgenic plants are produced by

Updated On: Aug 1, 2022

growing a new plant from meristem of an older plant
micropropagation of existing plants
developing a new plant from a cell containing foreign DNA
selecting somaclonal variants

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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

The plants produced through genetic engineering contain genes usually from an unrelated organism. Such genes are called transgenes and the plants having transgenes are called transgenic plants. The vector used to introduce new genes into plant cell is Ti plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A part of Ti plasmid, the T-DNA is transferred into plant cell DNA. Such recombinant cells are cultured to form plantlets. When transferred into soil, the plantlets grow into mature plants, carrying the foreign gene, expressed throughout the new plant.

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Concepts Used:

Applications of Biotechnology

Biotechnology is the technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms, or parts of this to develop or create different products.

For example, brewing and baking bread fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).

Agriculture

Alternative to conventional farming: A possible solution is the use of genetically modified crops which is an alternative path to conventional farming.

Medicine

In the area of healthcare, recombinant DNA technological processes have made an immense impact which enables the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.

Gene Therapy

A collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo is called Gene Therapy.

CRISPR technology

For editing genomes, CRISPR is a simple yet powerful tool which allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.