Question:

The overlapping of orbitals in benzene is of the type

Updated On: Feb 23, 2024
  • $sp-sp$
  • $p-p$
  • $sp^2 -sp^2$
  • $sp^3 -sp^3$
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

The molecular orbital picture of benzene shows that in it all the six carbon atoms are sp $^{2}$ hybridised. Out of these three $s p^{2}$ hybrid orbitals of each $C$ atom, two orbitals overlap with $s p^{2}$ hybrid orbitals of adjacent $C$ atoms to form six C - C single bonds. The remaining sp $^{2}$ orbital of each $C$ atom overlaps with $s$ -orbital of each hydrogen atom to form six $C-H$ single sigma bonds. Each $C$ atom is now left with one unhybridised $p$ -orbital perpendicular to the plane of the ring.
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Concepts Used:

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The Molecular Orbital Theory is a more sophisticated model of chemical bonding where new molecular orbitals are generated using a mathematical process called Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO).

Molecular Orbital theory is a chemical bonding theory that states that individual atoms combine together to form molecular orbitals. Due to this arrangement in MOT Theory, electrons associated with different nuclei can be found in different atomic orbitals. In molecular orbital theory, the electrons present in a molecule are not assigned to individual chemical bonds between the atoms. Rather, they are treated as moving under the influence of the atomic nuclei in the entire molecule

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