The interaction between π bond and lone pair of electrons present on an adjacent atom is responsible for
Resonance effect
- Hyperconjugation
Inductive effect
Electromeric effect
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
The question is about identifying the interaction responsible for the resonance effect among the options given. Let's break this down:
- Resonance Effect: This effect occurs when there is a delocalization of π electrons across adjacent atoms in a molecule, facilitated by the overlap of p-orbitals. This effect is often caused by an interaction between a π bond and a lone pair of electrons on an adjacent atom. This leads to the stabilization of the structure by the distribution of electron density over multiple atoms.
- Hyperconjugation: This is the interaction of σ-bonds (usually C-H or C-C) with adjacent empty or partially filled p or π orbitals to give an extended molecular orbital that increases stability. This does not involve lone pairs and π bonds directly interacting.
- Inductive Effect: This effect involves the transmission of charge through a chain of atoms in a molecule by electrostatic induction. It relates to the σ-bond framework and not π bonds or lone pairs.
- Electromeric Effect: This temporary effect occurs in the presence of an attacking reagent, affecting the π bonds but is not the same as the resonance effect. It refers to the temporary transfer of electrons from a double bond or a multiple bond when a reagent attacks.
Given the explanation of each effect, the interaction between a π bond and a lone pair of electrons on an adjacent atom is responsible for the Resonance Effect. Hence, the correct answer is the Resonance Effect.
Approach Solution -2
This interaction is a type of conjugation that leads to resonance, where the π electrons and lone pair electrons interact over adjacent atoms, stabilizing the molecule through delocalization of electrons.
So, the correct answer is : Resonance effect
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Such a group of atoms is called a molecule. Obviously, there must be some force that holds these constituent atoms together in the molecules. The attractive force which holds various constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species is called a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds:
There are 4 types of chemical bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield compounds.
- Ionic Bonds - Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another.
- Covalent Bonds - Compounds that contain carbon commonly exhibit this type of chemical bonding.
- Hydrogen Bonds - It is a type of polar covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen wherein the hydrogen develops a partial positive charge
- Polar Bonds - In Polar Covalent chemical bonding, electrons are shared unequally since the more electronegative atom pulls the electron pair closer to itself and away from the less electronegative atom.
Factors Affecting Bond Enthalpy in Chemical Bonding:
- Size of the Atom
- Multiplicity of Bonds
- Number of Lone Pair of Electrons Present
- Bond Angle