The heat of solution of anhydrous CuSO$_4$ and CuSO$_4\cdot$5H$_2$O are $-70$ kJ mol$^{-1}$ and $+12$ kJ mol$^{-1}$ respectively. The heat of hydration of CuSO$_4$ to CuSO$_4\cdot$5H$_2$O is $-x$ kJ. The value of $x$ is _____.
Correct Answer: 82
Solution and Explanation
The heat of hydration of CuSO4 to CuSO4 · 5H2O is given by the difference between the heat of solution of anhydrous CuSO4 and CuSO4 · 5H2O.
Heat of hydration = Heat of solution of anhydrous CuSO4 − Heat of solution of CuSO4 · 5H2O.
Substitute the values:
\( x = \left| -70 \, \text{kJ mol}^{-1} - \left( +12 \, \text{kJ mol}^{-1} \right) \right| \).
\( x = \left| -70 - 12 \right| = \left| -82 \right| = 82 \).
Final Answer: 82 kJ.
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