Question:

The eccentricity of the ellipse $ \frac{\left(x-1\right)^{2}}{2} + \left(y + \frac{3}{4}\right)^{2} = \frac{1}{16}$ is

Updated On: Jun 7, 2024
  • $1 / \sqrt{2}$
  • $1 / 2 \sqrt{2}$
  • $1/2$
  • $1/4$
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

We have, $\frac{(x-1)^{2}}{2}+(y+3 / 4)^{2}=\frac{1}{16}$ $\Rightarrow 8(x-1)^{2}+16(y+3 / 4)^{2}=1$ $\Rightarrow \frac{(x-1)^{2}}{1 / 8}+\frac{(y+3 / 4)^{2}}{1 / 16}=1$ $\therefore a^{2}=\frac{1}{8}$ and $b^{2}=\frac{1}{16}$ $\Rightarrow a=\frac{1}{2 \sqrt{2}}$ and $b=\frac{1}{4}$ $ \therefore e =\sqrt{1-\frac{b^{2}}{a^{2}}} \,\,\,[\because a >b] $ $=\sqrt{1-\frac{1 / 16}{1 / 8}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} $
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Concepts Used:

Ellipse

Ellipse Shape

An ellipse is a locus of a point that moves in such a way that its distance from a fixed point (focus) to its perpendicular distance from a fixed straight line (directrix) is constant. i.e. eccentricity(e) which is less than unity

Properties 

  • Ellipse has two focal points, also called foci.
  • The fixed distance is called a directrix.
  • The eccentricity of the ellipse lies between 0 to 1. 0≤e<1
  • The total sum of each distance from the locus of an ellipse to the two focal points is constant
  • Ellipse has one major axis and one minor axis and a center

Read More: Conic Section

Eccentricity of the Ellipse

The ratio of distances from the center of the ellipse from either focus to the semi-major axis of the ellipse is defined as the eccentricity of the ellipse.

The eccentricity of ellipse, e = c/a

Where c is the focal length and a is length of the semi-major axis.

Since c ≤ a the eccentricity is always greater than 1 in the case of an ellipse.
Also,
c2 = a2 – b2
Therefore, eccentricity becomes:
e = √(a2 – b2)/a
e = √[(a2 – b2)/a2] e = √[1-(b2/a2)]

Area of an ellipse

The area of an ellipse = πab, where a is the semi major axis and b is the semi minor axis.

Position of point related to Ellipse

Let the point p(x1, y1) and ellipse

(x2 / a2) + (y2 / b2) = 1

If [(x12 / a2)+ (y12 / b2) − 1)]

= 0 {on the curve}

<0{inside the curve}

>0 {outside the curve}