Question

The correct statement/s about Hydrogen bonding is/are :
A. Hydrogen bonding exists when H is covalently bonded to the highly electro negative atom.
B. Intermolecular H bonding is present in o-nitro phenol
C. Intramolecular H bonding is present in HF.
D. The magnitude of H bonding depends on the physical state of the compound.
E. H-bonding has powerful effect on the structure and properties of compounds.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

• A. A only
• B. A, D, E only
• C. A, B, D only
• D. A, B, C only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

(A) Generally, hydrogen bonding exists when H is covalently bonded to the highly electronegative atom like F, O, N.
(B) Intramolecular H bonding is present in
(C) Intermolecular Hydrogen bonding is present in HF.
(D) The magnitude of Hydrogen bonding in solid state is greater than in liquid state.
(E) Hydrogen bonding has a powerful effect on the structure and properties

of compounds like melting point, boiling point, density, etc.

Answer 2

Step 1: Recall the concept of hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonding is an electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom that is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like F, O, or N) and another electronegative atom having a lone pair of electrons. It can occur either within a molecule (intramolecular) or between molecules (intermolecular).

Step 2: Evaluate each statement one by one
Statement A: “Hydrogen bonding exists when H is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom.”
This is correct. For hydrogen bonding to occur, hydrogen must be bonded to F, O, or N, which creates a strong partial positive charge on H due to high electronegativity difference. Hence, A is correct.

Statement B: “Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is present in o-nitro phenol.”
In o-nitrophenol, the –OH and –NO₂ groups are in ortho positions, allowing hydrogen bonding between atoms within the same molecule (intramolecular). Therefore, o-nitrophenol exhibits intramolecular hydrogen bonding, not intermolecular. Hence, B is incorrect.

Statement C: “Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is present in HF.”
Hydrogen fluoride molecules form hydrogen bonds between different HF molecules (intermolecular), not within the same molecule. Hence, C is incorrect.

Statement D: “The magnitude of hydrogen bonding depends on the physical state of the compound.”
This is correct because hydrogen bonding strength and number vary with phase (solid, liquid, gas). For instance, in ice, an extended network of H-bonds exists, while in liquid water, some H-bonds break and reform dynamically. Hence, D is correct.

Statement E: “H-bonding has powerful effect on the structure and properties of compounds.”
This is true. Hydrogen bonding affects boiling points, solubility, viscosity, and the crystalline structure of compounds like water, alcohols, and DNA base pairs. Hence, E is correct.

Step 3: Final selection
Correct statements are A, D, and E only.

Final answer

A, D, E only