The correct option for the above reaction is
The correct option for the above reaction is
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
When an alkyl alcohol is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), it undergoes a dehydration reaction, resulting in the formation of an alkene. This is an example of an E1 (unimolecular elimination) mechanism, especially for secondary and tertiary alcohols.
Steps of the Reaction:
- Protonation: The –OH group of the alcohol gets protonated by H2SO4, converting it into a better leaving group (H2O).
- Loss of water: The molecule then loses a water molecule to generate a carbocation intermediate.
- Carbocation rearrangement (if possible): The carbocation may undergo rearrangement (hydride or alkyl shift) to form a more stable carbocation.
- Formation of alkene: Finally, a β-hydrogen is removed, and a double bond forms between α and β carbon atoms.
Why trans product is favored:
- The elimination leads to the formation of an alkene.
- Among the possible alkenes, the trans (E) product is generally more stable than the cis (Z) product.
- This is because bulky groups in the trans configuration are on opposite sides of the double bond, minimizing steric hindrance.
Hence, the major product is the more stable trans-alkene, as shown in option (A):
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Concepts Used:
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of mass where the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products, leading to the insight that the relations among quantities of reactants and products typically form a ratio of positive integers. This means that if the amounts of the separate reactants are known, then the amount of the product can be calculated. Conversely, if one reactant has a known quantity and the quantity of the products can be empirically determined, then the amount of the other reactants can also be calculated.
Stoichiometry helps us determine how much substance is needed or is present. Things that can be measured are;
- Reactants and Products mass
- Molecular weight
- Chemical equations
- Formulas
Stoichiometric Coefficient
The Stoichiometric coefficient of any given component is the number of molecules and/or formula units that participate in the reaction as written.
Mole Ratios
The mass of one mole of a substance in grams is called molar mass. The molar mass of one mole of a substance is numerically equal to the atomic/molecular formula mass.