Question

The concept of Public Interest Litigation originated from ______ .

• A. United Kingdom
• B. India
• C. United States of America
• D. Germany

Hint:

PIL is a unique legal remedy in India that allows citizens to approach the court for matters concerning public welfare.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) originated in the United States of America and was later adopted by other countries, including India. PIL allows the public to file a lawsuit for the protection of the public interest.

Answer 2

The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) originated from the United States of America.

Background:
Public Interest Litigation was first developed in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s as a legal tool to advance civil rights, environmental protection, consumer rights, and access to justice for marginalized groups. It allowed organizations and individuals to approach courts not for personal gain but to protect public interest and constitutional rights.

The U.S. legal system enabled such litigation by relaxing traditional rules of locus standi (the right to bring a case), allowing individuals or groups to file cases on behalf of others, especially where the rights of disadvantaged communities were involved.

Adoption in India:
Inspired by this concept, Indian judges like Justice P.N. Bhagwati and Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer introduced Public Interest Litigation in the Indian judicial system in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Supreme Court of India expanded the scope of Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies) to accept PILs, making justice more accessible.

Conclusion:
The concept of Public Interest Litigation originated from the United States of America and was later adopted and evolved in India to protect the rights of the public and ensure access to justice.