Out of the following, which type of interaction is responsible for the stabilisation of $\alpha$ -helix structure of proteins?
- Ionic bonding
- Hydrogen bonding
- Covalent bonding
- vander Waals forces
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Top Questions on Proteins
- The $\alpha$-amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. All $\alpha$-amino acids exist as zwitter ions due to which they show amphoteric behaviour. All amino acids are joined through peptide bonds. Proteins are broadly classified as globular proteins and fibrous proteins. Globular proteins are water soluble, whereas fibrous proteins are not. The complete structure of protein is discussed at four different levels i.e. primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures. Protein loses its biological activity in denatured form.
What is the difference between native protein and denatured protein?
- What is Insulin chemically?
- Which of these amino acids contains an indole group?
- Biuret test is not given by:
Questions Asked in JEE Main exam
- A force \( \mathbf{F} = 2\hat{i} + b\hat{j} + \hat{k} \) is applied on a particle and it undergoes a displacement \( \mathbf{r} = \hat{i} - 2\hat{j} - \hat{k} \). What will be the value of \( b \), if the work done on the particle is zero?
- JEE Main - 2025
- Work and Energy
Which of the following statement is true with respect to H\(_2\)O, NH\(_3\) and CH\(_4\)?
(A) The central atoms of all the molecules are sp\(^3\) hybridized.
(B) The H–O–H, H–N–H and H–C–H angles in the above molecules are 104.5°, 107.5° and 109.5° respectively.
(C) The increasing order of dipole moment is CH\(_4\)<NH\(_3\)<H\(_2\)O.
(D) Both H\(_2\)O and NH\(_3\) are Lewis acids and CH\(_4\) is a Lewis base.
(E) A solution of NH\(_3\) in H\(_2\)O is basic. In this solution NH\(_3\) and H\(_2\)O act as Lowry-Bronsted acid and base respectively.
- JEE Main - 2025
- Molecular Orbital Theory
- The increase in pressure required to decrease the volume of a water sample by 0.2percentage is \( P \times 10^5 \, \text{Nm}^{-2} \). Bulk modulus of water is \( 2.15 \times 10^9 \, \text{Nm}^{-2} \). The value of \( P \) is ________________.
- JEE Main - 2025
- System of Particles & Rotational Motion
The velocity-time graph of an object moving along a straight line is shown in the figure. What is the distance covered by the object between \( t = 0 \) to \( t = 4s \)?
- JEE Main - 2025
- Kinetic Energy
- Let \( P_n = \alpha^n + \beta^n \), \( P_{10} = 123 \), \( P_9 = 76 \), \( P_8 = 47 \), and \( P_1 = 1 \). The quadratic equation whose roots are \( \frac{1}{\alpha} \) and \( \frac{1}{\beta} \) is:
- JEE Main - 2025
- Sequences and Series
Concepts Used:
Proteins
An essential part of every cell in our body, protein is one of the three macronutrients which is required by our body in larger amounts. Proteins are made up of linear chains of smaller units called amino acids. Every biochemical process that takes place inside our bodies is possible because of these proteins. Proteins are 3-dimensional structures that are assembled with different amino acid sequences.
Functions of Protein
Proteins are used in many ways. Some of their functions are:
- Enzymes: Most of the important chemical reactions which take place inside a cell are mostly carried out by enzymes. They also play a role in regenerating and creating DNA molecules and carrying out complex processes.
- Hormonal Regulation: Proteins create various types of hormones that help in balancing the components of the body. For example, hormones like insulin help in regulating blood sugar and secretin. The formation of digestive juices essential for the whole digestion process is also possible because of hormones.
- Protection: Being the main constituent of antibodies, proteins protect our body against antigens and pathogens thus preventing infections.
- Energy: Proteins are one the most essential sources of energy required for our body movements. The right amount of proteins should be consumed so that they can be turned into energy.
- Structural functions: Proteins are the building blocks of the body. They are required for the growth, development, healing, and repair of tissues. Proteins are essential in order to strengthen various structures like hair, skin, and muscles. It is also present in the outer membrane of all cells in the human body.
Classification of Protein
Proteins are classified on the basis of:
- Shape
- Constitution
- Nature of Molecules
Protein Structure
A protein molecule is made from a long chain of amino acids, each linked to its neighbor through a covalent peptide bond. The structure of proteins are divided into four types:
- Primary Structure
- Secondary Structure
- Tertiary Sector
- Quaternary Structure