This question requires matching common names of plants (List I) with their scientific names (List II). Let’s analyze each item in List I and find the correct scientific name step by step.
- I) Makoi
Makoi is a common name used in India for a plant known for its medicinal properties and small, black berries. It refers to Solanum nigrum, commonly known as black nightshade. This plant is often used in traditional medicine and is recognized for its small, dark fruits and white flowers. In List II, Solanum nigrum (D) matches Makoi. Therefore, Makoi corresponds to Solanum nigrum (List II: D).
Match: I D.
- II) Red dragon
Red dragon is a common name often associated with a variety of the Dracaena plant, known for its striking red or reddish-green foliage. Dracaena angustifolia, a species within the Dracaena genus, is sometimes referred to as "Red Dragon" due to its narrow, red-tinged leaves, especially in horticultural contexts. Dracaena plants are popular ornamentals, often grown for their attractive foliage. In List II, Dracaena angustifolia (A) matches Red dragon. Therefore, Red dragon corresponds to Dracaena angustifolia (List II: A).
Match: II A.
- III) Sarasaparilla
Sarasaparilla (or Sarsaparilla) is a name commonly associated with plants in the Smilax genus, which are used in traditional medicine and for making beverages like root beer. Smilax zeylanica, a species native to South Asia, including India, is a type of sarsaparilla known for its climbing vines and medicinal roots, often used in Ayurvedic practices to treat skin diseases and inflammation. In List II, Smilax zeylanica (B) matches Sarasaparilla. Therefore, Sarasaparilla corresponds to Smilax zeylanica (List II: B).
Match: III B.
- IV) Night queen
Night queen is a common name for a plant known for its fragrant flowers that bloom at night. Cestrum nocturnum, commonly called night-blooming jasmine or night queen, is a shrub known for its intensely fragrant white flowers that release their scent at night, attracting pollinators like moths. In List II, Cestrum nocturnum (C) matches Night queen. Therefore, Night queen corresponds to Cestrum nocturnum (List II: C).
Match: IV C.
Now, let’s summarize the matches:
- I) Makoi → Solanum nigrum (D)
- II) Red dragon → Dracaena angustifolia (A)
- III) Sarasaparilla → Smilax zeylanica (B)
- IV) Night queen → Cestrum nocturnum (C)
This gives us: I D, II A, III B, IV C.
Let’s evaluate the options:
- Option 1: I C, II A, III D, IV B
I (Makoi) is not Cestrum nocturnum (C); it should be Solanum nigrum (D). II (Red dragon) matches Dracaena angustifolia (A), which is correct. III (Sarasaparilla) is not Solanum nigrum (D); it should be Smilax zeylanica (B). IV (Night queen) is not Smilax zeylanica (B); it should be Cestrum nocturnum (C). This option is incorrect.
- Option 2: I B, II D, III A, IV C
I (Makoi) is not Smilax zeylanica (B). II (Red dragon) is not Solanum nigrum (D). III (Sarasaparilla) is not Dracaena angustifolia (A). IV (Night queen) matches Cestrum nocturnum (C), which is correct. This option is incorrect.
- Option 3: I C, II D, III A, IV B
I (Makoi) is not Cestrum nocturnum (C). II (Red dragon) is not Solanum nigrum (D). III (Sarasaparilla) is not Dracaena angustifolia (A). IV (Night queen) is not Smilax zeylanica (B). This option is incorrect.
- Option 4: I D, II A, III B, IV C
I (Makoi) matches Solanum nigrum (D). II (Red dragon) matches Dracaena angustifolia (A). III (Sarasaparilla) matches Smilax zeylanica (B). IV (Night queen) matches Cestrum nocturnum (C). This option is correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is (4) I D, II A, III B, IV C, which corresponds to the matches we determined.
Thus, the correct answer is I D, II A, III B, IV C.
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The correct matching of the common names with their scientific names is:
