- Lexical Analysis corresponds to Scanner (ii) as it scans the source code for tokens.
- Syntax Analysis corresponds to Parser (iii) as it parses the tokens into a syntax tree.
- Generate code for multiple machines corresponds to Cross Compiler (iv), which generates code for different machine architectures.
- Bottom-up parsing corresponds to Shift-reduce (i) as a type of parsing in bottom-up methods.
Therefore, the correct answer is 1. a – ii, b – iii, c – iv, d – i.