Question:

In the synthesis of which of the following, the DNA molecule is not directly involved ?

Updated On: Apr 17, 2024
  • mRNA molecule
  • protein molecule
  • another DNA molecule
  • tRNA molecule
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Answer (b) protein molecule
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Concepts Used:

Translation

The translation is the process of converting nucleic acid information into amino acids. It also relates to the process of producing proteins from mRNA templates.

Components of Translation:

The main components of translation include :

  1. mRNA of both Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
  2. tRNA - It helps in sending commands or transferring the information between protein and nucleic acids.
  3. Ribosomes - It contains ribosomal RNA and proteins, therefore, it is called the manufacturing unit of a cell.
  4. Enzymes - It is required for the formation of a peptide bond between the amino acids and also to attach amino acids to the accurate tRNA molecules.
  5. Proteins - They are the soluble factors, which are required for proper initiation, elongation and termination of translation.

Translation Process:

The three stages of translation are-

  • Initiation involves assembling ribosomes around mRNA and activating amino acid and delivering it to the transfer RNA.
  • Elongation is the process in which the RNA strand gets longer by adding amino acids. 
  • The termination process only involves releasing a polypeptide chain.