Question

In a p-type semiconductor

• A. electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are dopants
• B. electrons are majority carries and pentavalent atoms are dopants
• C. holes are minority carriers and trivalent atoms are dopants
• D. holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are dopants

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Solution: Understanding p-Type Semiconductor Properties

A p-type semiconductor is a type of semiconductor where the majority charge carriers are holes, which are essentially the absence of electrons. The process of creating a p-type semiconductor involves doping a semiconductor, typically silicon, with an element that has fewer valence electrons than the semiconductor. This process creates "holes" that act as positive charge carriers.

Key Characteristics of p-Type Semiconductor:

1. The majority carriers in a p-type semiconductor are holes. Holes are essentially the spaces left when electrons move away, creating a positive charge in the material.

2. The minority carriers in a p-type semiconductor are electrons. These electrons are less common in a p-type semiconductor but still play a role in its conductivity.

3. The dopant used in a p-type semiconductor is typically a trivalent atom, meaning it has three valence electrons. Common dopants include elements like boron (B) or gallium (Ga). These elements create an electron deficiency, thereby creating holes in the semiconductor material.

Conclusion:

In a p-type semiconductor, the majority carriers are holes, and the dopants used are typically trivalent atoms.

Correct Answer: Option 3: Holes are minority carriers and trivalent atoms are dopants.