Question

Identify the neuro-developmental disorders:
(A) Autism Spectrum Disorder
(B) Intellectual Disability
(C) Specific Learning Disorder
(D) Hallucinations
(E) Conduct Disorder

• A. (A), (B) & (E) only
• B. (A), (B) & (D) only
• C. (A), (B) & (C) only
• D. (A), (D) & (E) only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Neuro-developmental disorders are a group of conditions with onset in the developmental period. They involve developmental deficits that produce impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. Let's analyze the given options: 

1. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): ASD is indeed a neuro-developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social communication and interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
2. Intellectual Disability: This condition, also considered a neuro-developmental disorder, involves impairments of general mental abilities that impact adaptive functioning in three domains: conceptual, social, and practical.
3. Specific Learning Disorder: A neuro-developmental disorder that affects the ability to learn or use specific academic skills like reading, writing, or arithmetic, which are the foundation for other academic learning.
4. Hallucinations: Hallucinations are not classified as a neuro-developmental disorder. They are typically a feature of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia or other mental health conditions.
5. Conduct Disorder: This is considered a disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorder rather than a neuro-developmental disorder. It involves a pattern of behavior that violates the rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules.

Based on the analysis above, the correct answer is: (A), (B) & (C) only, as these are categorized under neuro-developmental disorders.

Answer 2

Neuro-developmental disorders are conditions that typically arise in childhood and affect brain development, leading to challenges in personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. The following are classified as neuro-developmental disorders:

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors.

Intellectual Disability: Involves significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, affecting daily functioning.

Specific Learning Disorder: Refers to difficulties in learning and using academic skills, such as reading, writing, or mathematics.

Hallucinations (D) and Conduct Disorder (E) are not considered neuro-developmental disorders:

Hallucinations are a symptom commonly seen in psychotic disorders, not in neuro-developmental conditions.

Conduct Disorder is a behavioral disorder that involves aggressive or antisocial behavior, rather than a developmental issue.