Question

From the above passage, which one of the following statements accurately represents Dr. Ambedkar’s critique of Gandhism?

• A. A democratic society need not ensure a contentful life of leisure and culture for all its citizens
• B. Gandhism cannot help in freeing all the people from drudgery and exploitation
• C. Mechanization is not necessary for democratic civilization
• D. Democracy and Gandhism complement each other

Hint:

Ambedkar emphasizes modernization (machinery and civilization) as essential to democratic societies, in contrast to Gandhism's preference for simplicity and manual labor.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understand Ambedkar's point in the passage.
He contrasts two types of societies: one that accepts democracy and one that does not.
A non-democratic society may accept inequality and Gandhism, which idealizes simple living.
However, a democratic society must uplift everyone with machinery and civilization.

Step 2: Identify the criticism.
Ambedkar critiques Gandhism for its incompatibility with democracy's need to eliminate toil and provide cultural and leisurely life for all.
Gandhism accepts laborious life for many — which democracy cannot.

Step 3: Eliminate wrong options.
(A) contradicts the passage’s demand for leisure and culture for all.
(C) contradicts Ambedkar’s emphasis on machinery.
(D) is contrary to the critique — he shows them as incompatible.