Question

Explain the structure of nucleic acid and its biological action.

Hint:

DNA stores genetic information, while RNA plays a key role in protein synthesis.

Answer 1

Nucleic acids are biopolymers made of nucleotide monomers. Each nucleotide consists of:
1. A nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine/uracil, guanine, cytosine).
2. A pentose sugar (ribose in RNA, deoxyribose in DNA).
3. A phosphate group. - DNA stores genetic information, and RNA helps in protein synthesis.
- DNA is double-stranded with complementary base pairing (\( A-T \), \( G-C \)), while RNA is single-stranded. 

Biological Action:
- DNA replication ensures the transfer of genetic information.
- RNA facilitates transcription and translation processes for protein synthesis.