Question

Explain intensive subsistence agriculture in detail.

Hint:

Intensive subsistence agriculture is characterized by high labor input and small-scale farming aimed at meeting the needs of local populations, with limited surplus for trade.

Answer 1

Intensive subsistence agriculture is a farming method that involves significant labor and capital investment to cultivate small land plots. This approach is commonly found in densely populated areas with limited land, such as parts of Asia and Africa. The key characteristics of intensive subsistence agriculture include: 
1. High labor input: A considerable amount of manual labor is required, often sourced from family members, to maximize land productivity. 
2. Small landholdings: Farms tend to be small due to the high population density in the region, necessitating efficient land management and intensive cultivation. 
3. Crop rotation and polyculture: To maintain soil fertility and reduce the risk of crop failure, farmers often rotate crops and practice polyculture by growing various types of crops on the same plot. 
4. Use of both traditional and modern tools: A mix of traditional farming techniques and modern technologies, such as fertilizers, irrigation, and hybrid seeds, are used to boost productivity. 
5. Subsistence focus: The primary goal is to produce enough food for the farmer's household, with minimal surplus for sale. However, in certain regions, small surpluses may be sold in local markets. 
6. Common crops: Crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and millet are frequently cultivated in areas practicing intensive subsistence farming, especially in monsoon-prone regions with adequate rainfall.