Question

Describe the specific features of the Federal System of Government of India.

Hint:

The federal system in India is more centralized than the federal systems in other countries, due to the strong powers given to the central government.

Answer 1

The Federal System of Government in India is based on the model of the British Parliament system and has certain unique features. The key features of the federal system of India are as follows: 1. Division of Powers:
India follows a clear division of powers between the Union Government and the State Governments. This division is done through three distinct lists in the Constitution: the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List. The Union List consists of subjects on which only the central government can legislate, the State List includes subjects under the jurisdiction of the states, and the Concurrent List includes matters on which both the central and state governments can legislate. 2. Supremacy of the Constitution:
The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land. Any conflict between central and state laws is resolved in favor of the central law, and the judiciary has the authority to interpret and protect the Constitution. 3. Independent Judiciary:
The judiciary in India is independent and has the power to review laws. The Supreme Court of India ensures that the federal principles are upheld, especially when there is a dispute between the central and state governments. 4. Dual Polity:
India has a dual system of governance: the Union Government (at the center) and the State Governments (at the state level). Each government has its own jurisdiction and areas of responsibility, which is characteristic of a federal structure. 5. Emergency Provisions:
The Constitution provides for certain provisions under which the central government can take over state functions during an emergency. These provisions allow the Union Government to temporarily override state powers during national crises, such as war or instability.