Question

Define carbohydrates and write the differences between glucose and fructose.

Hint:

Glucose is an aldose with a six-membered ring, while fructose is a ketose with a five-membered ring.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are biomolecules consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, generally following the formula \( C_n(H_2O)_n \). They serve as an energy source and structural material. 

Step 2: Differences Between Glucose and Fructose: 

 Property & Glucose & Fructose 
Type & Aldose (Aldehyde group) & Ketose (Ketone group)

Structure & Hexagonal (Pyranose) & Pentagonal (Furanose) Optical Activity & D-Glucose (dextrorotatory) & D-Fructose (levorotatory) 
 Occurrence & Blood sugar & Found in fruits, honey