Question:

Consider the following statements regarding photosynthesis and respiration in plants and select the correct option
I) RuBisCO has high affinity to oxygen in low $CO_2$ concentration
II)The Calvin pathway occurs in the chloroplast of bundle sheath cells of $C_4$ plants
III) Yeast poison themselves when the concentration of alcohol reaches $7\%$
IV) Oxygen is a final hydrogen acceptor during aerobic respiration

Updated On: Apr 9, 2025

Statements I & III are correct, II is wrong
Statements I & IV are correct, III is wrong
Statements II & II are correct, I is wrong
Statements I & II are correct, IV is wrong

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The Correct Option is B

Approach Solution - 1

Statement I: Correct. RuBisCO exhibits oxygenase activity under low $ CO_2 $ concentrations, leading to photorespiration. This is a well-documented property of the enzyme.

Statement II: Correct. In $ C_4 $ plants, the Calvin cycle is specifically localized in the bundle sheath cells' chloroplasts, while initial carbon fixation occurs in mesophyll cells.

Statement III: Incorrect. Yeast fermentation produces ethanol, and when concentrations reach approximately 7%, it becomes toxic to the yeast cells, inhibiting their growth.

Statement IV: Correct. In aerobic respiration's electron transport chain, oxygen serves as the terminal electron acceptor, combining with electrons and protons to form water.

(B) Statements I & IV are correct, III is wrong -

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Approach Solution -2

Statement I: Correct. Under low $ CO_2 $ concentrations, RuBisCO demonstrates oxygenase activity, which results in photorespiration. This is a well-established characteristic of the enzyme.

Statement II: Correct. In $ C_4 $ plants, the Calvin cycle occurs specifically in the chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells, while the initial carbon fixation takes place in mesophyll cells.

Statement III: Incorrect. Yeast fermentation produces ethanol, and concentrations around 7% become toxic to the yeast cells, inhibiting their growth.

Statement IV: Correct. In the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration, oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, combining with electrons and protons to form water.

(B) Statements I & IV are correct, III is incorrect

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Concepts Used:

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Processes Of Photosynthesis in Higher Plants:

Photosynthesis in higher plants involves the following processes:

Light Reaction
Dark Reaction

Light Reaction:

This phenomenon occurs in the presence of light.
The pigment absorbs light and produces energy in the form of ATP.
The process involves- absorption of light, water splitting, the release of oxygen, and formation of ATP and NADPH.

Dark Reaction:

This process occurs in the absence of light in the stroma of the chloroplasts. The following cycles are involved in the process:

Calvin Cycle (C3 Cycle)
C4 Cycle (Hatch and Slack Pathway)