Question

Assertion (A): When electrons drift in a conductor, it does not mean that all free electrons in the conductor are moving in the same direction.
Reason (R): The drift velocity is superposed over large random velocities of electrons.

• A. If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
• B. If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
• C. If Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
• D. If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Hint:

Drift velocity is the small net velocity acquired by electrons in a conductor due to an applied electric field.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Explanation of Electron Drift in Conductors:
- Electrons in a conductor exhibit random motion due to thermal agitation.
- When an electric field is applied, electrons acquire a small net drift velocity, which is superposed on their random motion.
- This explains why not all electrons move in the same direction.
Thus, both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A).