Question

Antisense RNA technique is used -

• A. To silence the gene expression
• B. To enhance the gene expression
• C. For cell mediated gene transfer
• D. For DNA fingerprinting

Hint:

Think of "antisense" as being "anti-message." It binds to the messenger RNA and stops the message from being read, thus silencing the gene.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks about the primary application of the antisense RNA technique. This technique involves an RNA molecule that is complementary to a specific messenger RNA (mRNA).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The central dogma of molecular biology states that a gene (DNA) is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into a protein.
An "antisense" RNA molecule is designed to have a sequence that is the reverse complement of the "sense" mRNA molecule.
When the antisense RNA is introduced into a cell, it binds to its target mRNA molecule, forming a double-stranded RNA duplex.
This duplex cannot be translated by the ribosome, and it is often rapidly degraded by cellular enzymes like RNase H.
By preventing the translation of the mRNA into a protein, the antisense RNA effectively stops or "silences" the expression of the target gene. A famous example of its application is the Flavr Savr tomato, where it was used to slow down the ripening process.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The antisense RNA technique is used to bind to and prevent the translation of mRNA, thereby silencing gene expression.