Question:
Among the following the correct order of acidity is :
Among the following the correct order of acidity is :
Updated On: Apr 20, 2025
- ${HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 }$
- ${ HClO4 < HClO < HClO3 < HClO4}$
- ${ HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO < HClO3}$
- ${ HClO3 < HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO}$
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Explanation:
The acids in question are oxoacids of chlorine:
- HClO — Hypochlorous acid
- HClO₂ — Chlorous acid
- HClO₃ — Chloric acid
- HClO₄ — Perchloric acid
Trend:
Acidity of oxyacids increases with:
- Increase in the oxidation state of the central atom (Cl)
- Increase in number of oxygen atoms, due to increased electron-withdrawing effect (stabilizes the conjugate base)
Oxidation states:
- Cl in HClO = +1
- Cl in HClO₂ = +3
- Cl in HClO₃ = +5
- Cl in HClO₄ = +7
So, acid strength increases in the order:
\(\boxed{HClO < HClO_2 < HClO_3 < HClO_4}\)
Correct Answer:
\(\text{Option 1: } HClO < HClO_2 < HClO_3 < HClO_4\)
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Concepts Used:
P-Block Elements
- P block elements are those in which the last electron enters any of the three p-orbitals of their respective shells. Since a p-subshell has three degenerate p-orbitals each of which can accommodate two electrons, therefore in all there are six groups of p-block elements.
- P block elements are shiny and usually a good conductor of electricity and heat as they have a tendency to lose an electron. You will find some amazing properties of elements in a P-block element like gallium. It’s a metal that can melt in the palm of your hand. Silicon is also one of the most important metalloids of the p-block group as it is an important component of glass.
P block elements consist of:
- Group 13 Elements: Boron family
- Group 14 Elements: Carbon family
- Group 15 Elements: Nitrogen family
- Group 16 Elements: Oxygen family
- Group 17 Elements: Fluorine family
- Group 18 Elements: Neon family