Question

Among \([Co(CN)_4]^{4-}\), \([Co(CO)_3(NO)]\), \(XeF_4\), \([PCl_4]^+\), \([PdCl_4]^{2-}\), \([ICl_4]^-\), \([Cu(CN)_4]^{3-}\), and \(P_4\), the total number of species with tetrahedral geometry is:

Hint:

In coordination chemistry, tetrahedral geometry often arises from \(sp^3\) hybridization, especially in complexes with four ligands or lone pairs in a symmetrical arrangement.

Answer 1

Step 1: Analyze each compound to identify tetrahedral geometry.
1. \([Co(CN)_4]^{4-}\): CN is a strong ligand. Due to pairing, it undergoes \(sp^3\) hybridization, forming a tetrahedral structure.
2. \([Co(CO)_3(NO)]\): This forms a trigonal planar geometry due to the coordination environment.
3. \(XeF_4\): Square planar geometry, not tetrahedral.
4. \([PCl_4]^+\): Tetrahedral geometry due to \(sp^3\) hybridization.
5. \([PdCl_4]^{2-}\): Square planar geometry.
6. \([ICl_4]^-\): Square planar geometry.
7. \([Cu(CN)_4]^{3-}\): CN being a strong ligand leads to \(sp^3\) hybridization, hence tetrahedral.
8. \(P_4\): Tetrahedral geometry due to its molecular structure.

Step 2: Count the species with tetrahedral geometry.
Tetrahedral species: \([Co(CN)_4]^{4-}\), \([PCl_4]^+\), \([Cu(CN)_4]^{3-}\), and \(P_4\). 

Step 3: Final answer. The total number of tetrahedral species is: \[ 5 \]