\(NH_3\)
\(SO_2\)
\(Cl_2\)
\(Br_2\)
The correct option is (A): \(NH_3\).
Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless, pungent gas that is composed of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. It has a molecular weight of 17.03 g/mol and a boiling point of -33.34°C, making it a highly volatile compound. Ammonia is one of the most important industrial chemicals and is widely used in a variety of applications.
Ammonia is generally used as a fertilizer due to its high nitrogen content, which is essential for plant growth. It is also used in the production of various chemicals, including explosives, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. In the refrigeration industry, ammonia is used as a refrigerant due to its low cost, high efficiency, and low environmental impact.
While ammonia has many useful applications, it can also be hazardous to human health and the environment. Inhalation of high concentrations of ammonia gas can cause irritation and damage to the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs. Long-term exposure to ammonia can also cause chronic respiratory problems, such as bronchitis and asthma. In addition, ammonia can contribute to the formation of acid rain and eutrophication of water bodies, which can have negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems.
To minimize the risks associated with ammonia, safety measures such as proper handling, storage, and disposal should be implemented. In addition, technologies that reduce ammonia emissions and improve the efficiency of ammonia production and use can help to minimize the environmental impact of this important chemical.