Question

A chilly plant was severely infected with Chilly Mosaic Virus (CMV). Identify the technique that helps to raise virus free plants in the next generation from the above virus infected plant.

• A. Artificial hybridisation
• B. Meristem culture
• C. Self pollination
• D. Hydroponics

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Meristem culture is the most effective technique to obtain virus-free plants from an infected parent because:

• The meristematic tissue (growing tip) is typically free of viruses due to:
• High metabolic activity.
• Absence of vascular connections to infected parts.
• When cultured in vitro, the meristem regenerates into a healthy, virus-free plant.

(A) Artificial hybridisation: Combines traits but does not eliminate viruses.

(C) Self-pollination: Passes on viral infections to offspring.

(D) Hydroponics: A soil-less growth method; no role in virus eradication.

Answer 2

Meristem culture uses shoot apical meristems (virus-free regions) to regenerate healthy plants. CMV rarely infects meristems due to their high metabolic activity and absent vascular tissue.

Meristem culture is a technique in plant tissue culture that involves the culturing of the meristematic tissue (the actively dividing tissue) from plants to regenerate healthy, disease-free plants. Meristems are located at the tips of roots and shoots, and they contain undifferentiated cells that have the potential to develop into any type of plant tissue. This method is commonly used for cloning, micropropagation, and virus elimination in plants.

Other options:

• (A) Artificial hybridization: Does not eliminate viruses.
• (C) Self-pollination: Virus persists in seeds.
• (D) Hydroponics: Soil-less growth (no virus removal).

Correct Answer: (B) Meristem culture