Principles:
(i) Neighbour principle — A person is liable if he harms his neighbour; a neighbour is one whose actions are foreseeably affected by the person.
(ii) One is liable only for contractual relations.
Facts:
X manufactures a food item and sells it to Y, a wholesaler. Y appoints Z, a retailer, to sell the items. Z sells the food to a consumer who, after eating it, falls ill. X is liable to the consumer because: