Question

Section 14 of the C.P.C. deals with:

• A. Presumption as to decisions of tribunals
• B. Presumption as to judgments of the lower court
• C. Presumption as to judgments of High Court
• D. Presumption as to foreign judgments

Hint:

Section 14 of the CPC presumes that judgments of the lower courts are valid until proven otherwise.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding Section 14 of the C.P.C.
Section 14 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC) presumes that the judgments, orders, or decrees passed by a court or tribunal in a case are valid and binding unless proven otherwise. Specifically, it creates a presumption about judgments from lower courts, making them presumed to be properly passed.
Step 2: Explanation of the options.
- (a) Presumption as to decisions of tribunals: This is not the focus of Section 14, which deals with lower courts.
- (b) Presumption as to judgments of the lower court: This is correct, as Section 14 deals with the presumption of the validity of lower court decisions.
- (c) Presumption as to judgments of High Court: Section 14 does not specifically deal with judgments of the High Court.
- (d) Presumption as to foreign judgments: This is dealt with under a different provision, not Section 14.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, the correct answer is (b) Presumption as to judgments of the lower court.