List of top English Questions

The ____ of the trouble was the decision to allow non-members into the club.

I don't think anything would ____ me to leave this house.

I gather there was ____ doubt as to who should pay the bill.

The painting bears a ____ resembalance to El Greco's earlier work.

The performance in the last scene was quite ____ .

According to the United Nations (UN) population estimates, this year, the population of India surpassed or will surpass that of China. Since 1950, the year the UN began keeping track of population data, China has been the most populous country. In the forthcoming decades, perhaps even centuries, this position will belong to India.
A key question that has resurfaced in this background is whether the large population is the bane of the Indian economy or boon for it. 
Two relevant questions 
In answering this question, the common practice is to compare India to China. But this is wholly misleading since the policy histories of the two countries are vastly different, China is a much richer country today than India. This means that even if it is at a disadvantage purely in terms of the composition of its population - for example, those 65 years or older make 13% of its population against only 7% of India's - it may be better placed to take care of its elderly. 
The right way to pose the question therefore is not a comparison with China but to ask whether on a net basis a younger and larger population is more beneficial than an older and smaller population for the country. 
These are two distinct questions with the first relating to the composition and the second to the size of the population. As such, they must be considered separately in succession.
Young demography helps 
It should be relatively uncontroversial that the advantages of a young population far outweigh its disadvantages. First, a younger population translates in a proportionately large workforce and therefore higher gross domestic product (GDP) given the technology and volume of capital available. 
Second, given that the young save more than the old, a younger population also translates in higher saving and therefore higher investment. The higher investment further adds to the GDP. Finally, a younger population brings greater energy and vibrancy to a nation, leading to more innovation and its greater exploitation. 
A concern commonly expressed about a younger population is that it leads to greater unemployment. But the unemployment rate depends on policies, which surely do not depend on the age composition of the population. 
Underemployment challenge 
Factually, the unemployment rate in India has been consistently low in the 3-5% range. As I have argued in numerous writings, unemployment is not India's problem, it is underemployment. On this score, the output per worker has seen a clear rising trend (meaning declining underemployment) alongside rising workforce in the post-reform era. What is needed is acceleration in this trend. That in turn required further policy reform, not the older population. 
Turning to the size question, I would argue that the benefits of a larger population also far outweigh its costs. There are vast benefits arising from economies of scale in the provision of public goods. Takes, for example, India's digital infrastructure. Once this infrastructure is created, it is there for all to use.

Beijing: As China tries to slow its demographic decline, women like Chen Luojin could be part of the solution. The divorced 33-years-old lives in Chengdu, capital of the southwestern Sichuan province, which legalised registration of children by unmarried women in february, something China is considering implementing nationwide to address record low birth rates.
The changes mean unmarried woman can take paid maternity leave and receive child subsidies previously only available to married couples. Crucially Chen could access invitro fertility (IVF) treatment legally in a private clinic. She is now 10 weeks pregnant. "Becoming a single parent is not for everyone but I am happy with the decision," said Chen, who works in logistics."Equally, getting married or not is for each individual to decide. We have liberalised the policies here and I know a lot of single women are doing IVF."
Concerned about China's first population drop in six decades and its rapid ageing, the government's political advisers proposed in March that single and unmarried women should have access to egg freezing and IVF treatment But leaders haven't commented publicly on the recommendations.
Liberalising IVF nationwide could unleash more demand for fertility treatment in what is already the world's biggest market straining limited fertility services. Some investors in the industry see an opportunity to expand.
"If China changes their policy to allow single women to have children this can result in an increase of IVF demand, "said Yve Lyppens, director of business development for Asia Pacific at INVO Bioscience,which is awaiting regulatory approval to launch its IVF technology in China after signing a distribution agreement with Guangzhou-based Onesky Holdings last year.
Shanghai and the southern Guangdong province have also permitted unmarried women to register their children but IVF services for single women remain banned

Rearrange the following sentences into a meaningful paragraph:
(A) Research confirms that retaining mental sharpness requires certain life style interventions, specifically, adjusting what and how you eat, how much you exercise, how you deal with life's challenges and how you interact with others. 
(B) The good news is that declining brain health and cognitive loss are not in evitable. 
(C) If you trun these behaviours into habits that you can sustain over the long term that will have drametic effects not only on your cognitive fitness, but also on your overall health. 
(D) Maintaining cognitive fitness requries far more than a simple "train your brain" programme or diet as some quick fix online programmes suggest:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Fill in the blanks in list I with correct group of prepositions given in list II :

List I		List II
(A)	_____ Mrs. Kapoor, the neighbour, who lived _____ her mansion moved ______ Manali _____ the cold.	(I)	onbehalf, next to, in place of, infront of , inplace of
(B)	_____ the PTA, Ms.Verma stood _______ the podium ________ the crowd ______ the President and presented him with a plaque.	(II)	according to, priarto, with in , because of
(C)	_____ a report published the cost of living ______ to COVID 19 was _______ the reach of the common, but _____ high inflation rate past COVID 19 cost of living has esculated.	(III)	because of , ontop of, along with , inspite of
(D)	______ the rain, my neighbour put a blue trap ____ his roof. ______ a fibre glass sheet but _____ all measures, water did sea pin.	(IV)	according to, because, next to , away from

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions from the given options:
In a bid to check urban apathy _______ voters, the Election comission had decided _______ hold the poll _________ the middle _________ the week to prevent people planning an outing by clubbing the poll day holiday with the weekend break.

One who eats human flesh is :

The most suitable antonym of the given word 'HOLISTIC' is:

Which among the following is a type of closed-ended question in clinical interview ?

Which of the following interviewing skills is intended to help clients change their self-defeating behaviours ?

A negative correlation occurs when __________ scores on one variable are associated with __________ scores on a second variable.

SC's judgment on Delhi govt and LG reaffirms the principles of representative govt and federalism The Supreme court verdict that will hopefully settle the acrimonious dispute between APP's Delhi government and the Lieutenant Governor-the issue was who controls administrative services-is a reaffirmation of federalism and the principle that people's choice of a government must matter. India's Capital has been hosting an unedifying spectacle, and SC's clear verdict should leave all parties in no doubt where their power begins and ends. The political party rivalry between BJP and AAP will sharpen. But that's alright in a democracy. What's not is schoolyard-like fights everyday.
While the issue decided by the constitution bench was whether the Delhi government has legislative and executive powers over the city's bureaucracy, that fight engendered many others. From teachers training to power subsidies, AAP has accused successive LGs of interference, and LGs have returned accusations of 'impropriety' and worse. The bitter public battles resulted in a bureaucracy caught in the middle of warring chiefs and severely affected governance. LG annulling, rejecting, removing appointments made by the Delhi government was one part of the story. There were other theatrics-a strike by administrative officers following an allegation that an AAP MLA had assaulted an officer. At the time, in a first, the CM and three ministers camped at LG's office/residence overnight demanding to direct the striking officers to call off the protest. Delhi has had enough of this. 
SC had said GOI taking over executive powers of an elected government would "completely abrogate the federal system of governance and the principle of representative democracy"; and that "the permanent executive, consisting of unelected civil service officers... may act in ways that disregard the will of the electorate." That's a lesson for everyone. When people elect governments, governments must, within well- understood constitutional boundaries, be allowed to govern, including in allocating duties to officers. And if duly elected state governments must always be in lockstep with the Centre then there isn't much to be said about our federalism. The chatter after the SC verdict is that AAP is again the boss of the Delhi government. The more profound point is that the people are the boss.

Read the following passage and answer the next five questions by choosing the correct options:
Multicultural emphasises the importance of cultural diversity. It recognises the dignity and importance of cultural distinctiveness. It reiterates that cultural differences are natural phenomena. Cultural diversity, diverse ideas, perspectives and beliefs enhance our vision of a better society. Multiculturalism stands for heterogeneity and diversity. It is an inclusive process in which all cultures are valued.
In India, immigration and multiculturalism are as old as recorded history. Since time immemorial, wave after wave of ethnically and culturally diverse people have poured into India, settled here, and assimilated into its mosaic. Each community, while interacting and being influenced by the others, retained its own identity. customs, beliefs and ways of life. It has truly been said that Indian culture is a 'culture of cultures', like a beehive of interlocking cells.
Hinduism has played a seminal role in shaping the Indian mind and character. It has dogma, no prophet, no single sacred book. It believes in freedom of thought and expression. It encompasses different forms of belief: monotheism, polytheism, agnosticism as well as atheism. Hinduism is also the foundation of a general sprit of tolerance and acceptance of the 'other', the belief that different paths can lead to the same goal. Hinduism's flexibility has endowed Indian civilisation with a unique resilience and power of absorptive survival.
The 700 years of Muslim rule from the 11-12th century bequeathed a mixed legacy. Politically, Islam in India represented subjugation. But culturally, it generated outstanding creative achievement and synthesis. The centuries of Muslim rule impacted all aspects of Indian life producing a composite Indi-Islamic culture.
British colonial rule replaced Muslim rule, adding one more layer to India's plural personality. India's exposure to the West was both debilitating and nourishing. On the one hand, colonial rule devalued Indian civilisation by claiming and justifying 'civilising mission' of British. On the other hand, the work of great European Ideologists helped India rediscover her classical literature, her forgotten wisdom and values.
It is striking how the intellectual journey of the leaders of the Indian renaissance went from India to the the West, before returning to India with a new-found sense of Indianness. All of them represented a mingling of East and West, a synthesis of European and Indian thought.
This was the background to the emergence of an independent, democratic India in 1947, after the bloodbath of Partition. We are the most complex and diverse society on earth. Today's India has over a billion Hindus, 150 million Muslims, 24 million Christians and 24 million Sikhs, apart from several smaller but important denominations. In addition to English and Hindi, we speak more than 20 major languages and some 22,000 dialects. Each religion is further sliced and diced by caste, sub-caste and region. There are also thousands of tribal groups with distinct ethnic and cultural identities. Each of India's states has its own centuries-old flourishing culture, with further internal diversions.

Russia's prime minister signed a set of agreements with China on Wednesday during a trip to Beijing, describing bilateral ties at an unprecedented high, despite criticism of their relationship in the West as the war in Ukraine drags on.
Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, the highest-ranking Russian official to visit Beijing since Moscow sent thousands of troops to Ukraine in February 2022, held talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Qiang.
With the war in Ukraine in its second year and Russia increasingly feeling the weight of Western sanctions, Moscow is leaning on Beijing for support, far more then China on Russia, feeding on Chinese demand for oil and gas.
The pressure from the West has shown no sign of easing, with the Group of Seven's weekend declarations singling both countries out on a series of issues including Ukraine. The G7 agreed to tighten sanctions against Moscow and urged China to press Russia to withdraw its forces from Ukraine.

My cousin Elena is to be married The formalities have been completed: her family history examined for T.B. and madness her father declared solvent her eyes examined for squints her teeth for cavities her stools for the possible non-Brahmin worm. She's not quite tall enough and not quite full enough (children will take care of that) Her complexion it was decided would compensate, being just about the right shade of rightness to do justness to Francisco X. Noronha Prabhu good son of Mother Church.

On the basis of your reading of the following excerpt, answer the questions that follow:
On the rack in the railway carriage immediately opposite Clovis was a solidly wrought travelling bag with a carefully written label, on which was inscribed, J.P Huddle, The Warren Tifield, near Slowborough." Immediately below the rack sat the human embodiment of the label, a solid, sedate individual, sedately dressed, sedately conversational. Even without his conversation (which was addressed to a friend seated by his side, and touched chiefly on such topic as the backwardness of roman hyacinths and the prevalence of measles at the rectory), one could have gauged fairly accurately the temperament and mental outlook of the travelling bag's owner. But he seemed unwilling to leave anything to the imagination of a casual observer, and his talk grew presently personal and introspective.
I don't know how it is, "he told his friend "I am not much over forty, but I seem to have settled down into a deep groove of elderly middle-age. My sister shows the same tendency. We like everything to be exactly in its accustomed place; we like things to happen exactly at their appointed times; we like everything to be usual, orderly, punctual, methodical, to a hair's breadth, o a minute. It distresses and upset us if it is not so. For instance, to take a very trifling matter, a thrush has built its nest year after year in the catkin-tree on the lawn; this year, for no obvious reason, it is building in the ivy on the garden wall. We have said very little about it, but I think we both feel that the change is unnecessary, and just a little irritating."
"Perhaps" said the friend, "it is a different thrush."
We have suspected that," said J.P. Huddle, "and I think it give us even more cause for annoyance. We don't feel that we want a change of thrush at our time of life; and yet, as I have said, we have scarely reached an age when these things should make themselves seriously felt".

Read the following passage and answers the questions that follow:
OpenAI, a for-profit artificial intelligence lab in san Francisco, invited the public to converse with a new artificially intelligent chatbot, chat GPT, on Nov. 30, 2022. Within days, more than a million people had signed up to converse with the program Minds were blown.
Chat GPT is the first chatbot that's enjoyable enough to speak with and useful enough to ask for information. It can engage in philosophical discussions and help in practical matters false hype, the real thing is here. It's easier to use more intuitive, gives better answer - and it's arguably more fun and what really make it stand out from the pack is its gratifying ability to handle feedback about its answers, and revise them on the fly really is like a conversation with a Robot.
And along with its "fun part"- writing poems, telling jokes debeting politics, writing realistic TED Talk on ludicrous subjects - ChatGPT "will actually take stances, "Kantrowitz writes." When I mentioned Hitler built highways in Germany, it replied they were made with forced labor. This was impressive, nuanced pushback I hadn't previously seen from chatbots.
Where a question doesn't have a clear answer chatGPT often won't be pinned down, "which in itself is a notable development in computing. and unlike other chatbots chatGPT does a pretty good job of weeding out inappropriate" requests including question that are racist, sexist, homophobic transphobic or otherwise discriminatory or questions not to mention illegal.
ChatGPT has limitation. First of all the chatbot has "limited knowledge of world we events after 2021. Also, "ChatGPT sometime writes plausible- sound but incorrect or nonsensical "answer" and it is often excessively verbose and overuses certain phrases.
"We are not capable of understanding the context or meaning of the words we generate", ChatGPT told Time in an interview, because "we don't have access to the vast amount of knowledge that a human has. We can only provide information that we've been trained on, and we may not be able to answer questions that are outside of our training data."
We are just tools we should not be relied on for critical decisions or complex tasks.

Learning Characteristics
Some of the important characteristics of learning are as given below: 
1. Learning is Unitary: It implies that the learner reacts as a whole person to the whole situation in a unified way. It means that the learner responds intellectually, emotionally, physically and spiritually at the same time. This attitude helps in the achievement of educational goals. 
Development of skills: A skill is a learned activity that one develops through practice and reflection. It is the ability to perform a learned activity well and at will. Skill, as an ability to perform something, includes proficiency, competence, and expertise in the activity. Skill refers to learning psycho-motor behaviors required in the activities such as driving a car or swinging a tennis racket. The development of skills entails the following stages: 
a. Cognitive Stage: Achieved through declarative knowledge. 
b. Associative Stage: Combining individual steps into larger units. 
c. Automated Stage: Where the whole procedure can be accomplished without much attention. In the last stage, the brain process shifts from reflective to reflexive. 
Development of Attitudes: Attitude is mental state held by an individual which affects the way that person responds to events and organizes responses. Attitudes are commonly held to have three essential components or dimensions: 
i. A Cognitive Dimension: Beliefs and rationalizations which explains the holding of the attitudes. 
ii. An Affective Dimension: Emotional aspects of attitudes, such as likes, dislikes, feeling of distaste, and 
iii. A Conative or Behavioral Dimension which involves the extent to which the individual is prepared to act on the attitude that they hold. 
2. Learning may be planned or unplanned. 
3. Learning can be active as well as passive 
4. Learning is usually individual, but it can also be collectively generated in groups. 
5. Learning is treated both as a process and as an outcome learning is lifelong process. 
6. Learning may be incremental-it may add cumulatively to the prior learning or transformation. 
7. Learning can be stimulated or triggered by any experience, failure, success, and anything else.

She thinks how she fought a flood during her husband's absence. She stood for hours in the drenching downpour, and dug an overflow gutter to save the dam across the creek. But she could not save it. There are things that a bushwoman cannot do. Next morning the dam was broken, and her heart was nearly broken too, for she thought how her husband would feel when he came home and saw the result of years of labour swept away. She cried then.
She also fought the pleuro-pneumonia - dosed and bled the few remaining cattle, and wept again when her two best cows died.
Again, she fought a mad bullock that besieged the house for a day. She made bullets and fired at him thorugh cracks in the slabs with an old shot-gun. He was dead in the morning. She skinned him and got seventeen-and- sixpence for the hide.
She also fights the crows and eagles that have designs on her chickens. Her plan of campaign is very original. The children cry "Crows, mother!" and she rushes out and aims a broomstick at the birds as though it were a gun, and says "Bung!" The crows leave in a hurry; they are cunning, but a woman's cunning is greater.
Ocassionally a bushman in the horrors, or a villainous looking sundowner, comes and nearly scares the life out of her. She generally tells the suspicious-looking stranger that her husband and two sons are at work below the dam, or over at the yard, for he always cunningly inquires for the boss.

French ____ was inaugurated in the 1950s by cultural anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss.

Choose the correct spelt word out of the given alternatives: