Question

You have conducted an assisted normal delivery using an outlet forceps. There is profound vaginal bleeding post-delivery.

Hint:

Prompt identification and management of PPH are crucial to prevent complications like shock and organ failure.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of Post-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH).
Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) refers to excessive vaginal bleeding following childbirth. It is commonly defined as blood loss of more than 500 mL after a vaginal delivery and more than 1000 mL after a cesarean section. The bleeding may be either primary (occurring within 24 hours after delivery) or secondary (occurring after 24 hours but within 6 weeks postpartum).
Step 2: Significance of PPH.
PPH is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, necessitating prompt recognition and management to prevent complications such as shock, anemia, and organ failure.