Question

Why was United Nations formed ? How far is it successful in establishing peace in the World ?

Hint:

A balanced answer is key. For success, always mention the prevention of World War III. For failure, always mention the inability to stop civil wars and the problem of the P5 veto.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question has two parts: the reason for the UN's creation and an assessment of its effectiveness in its primary mission of maintaining peace.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Why was the United Nations formed?
The United Nations was formed in 1945, immediately after the end of World War II. Its primary reason for formation was to prevent future world wars and to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war," as stated in its Charter. The failure of its predecessor, the League of Nations, to prevent WWII created a strong determination among world leaders to create a more effective international organization. It was designed to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve common goals, including maintaining peace, promoting human rights, and fostering social and economic development.
How far has it been successful in establishing peace?
The UN's record in establishing peace is mixed but significant.
Successes:

The UN has been largely successful in its primary goal of preventing a third World War between major powers.
Its peacekeeping missions have helped to monitor ceasefires, stabilize post-conflict situations, and provide humanitarian aid in dozens of countries.
It provides a crucial platform for diplomacy and dialogue, which has helped de-escalate numerous international crises.
Failures/Limitations:

The UN has failed to prevent many regional and civil wars, and genocides (e.g., in Rwanda and Srebrenica).
The structure of the Security Council, particularly the veto power of the five permanent members, often leads to deadlock and inaction in major crises.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The United Nations was formed in 1945 to prevent another world war. While it has been successful in preventing a direct conflict between major powers and has mediated many disputes, its effectiveness in stopping regional and civil wars has been limited, often due to the political interests of its powerful member states.