Process | Application | ||
---|---|---|---|
P | Extrusion | 1 | Producing complex parts with close tolerance |
Q | Injection molding | 2 | Producing thermosetting plastic components |
R | Blow molding | 3 | Producing long uniform sections |
S | Compression molding | 4 | Producing hollow shapes |
List -I | List-II | ||
A | Buna-S | I | Vinyl chloride |
B | Neoprene | II | 1,3-Butadiene and styrene |
C | PVC | III | Tetra flouroethene |
D | Teflon | IV | Chloroprene |
Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating subunits called monomers. The process of joining monomers to form a polymer is called polymerization. Polymers can be made up of natural or synthetic materials and can have a range of physical and chemical properties.
There are two main types of polymers: addition polymers and condensation polymers. Addition polymers are formed by the addition of monomers that have unsaturated bonds, such as ethylene, which forms polyethylene. Condensation polymers are formed by the condensation of monomers that have two or more reactive groups, such as nylon, which is formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid.
Polymers have a wide range of applications due to their unique properties. They can be flexible or rigid, transparent or opaque, and can have different levels of strength and durability. Polymers are used in a variety of products, including plastics, textiles, coatings, adhesives, and composites.
Polymers have also had a significant impact on medicine. Synthetic polymers, such as polyethylene glycol, are used in drug delivery systems, while biocompatible polymers, such as poly(lactic acid) and poly(glycolic acid), are used in tissue engineering and drug delivery. Additionally, natural polymers such as proteins and polysaccharides play important roles in biological processes and are used in biotechnology applications.
The study of polymers, known as polymer science or macromolecular science, has led to the development of new materials and technologies that have revolutionized many industries.