- Open system: Allows mass and energy transfer.
- Closed system: Only energy is transferre(D)
- Isolated system: Neither mass nor energy is transferre(D)
Step 1: Understanding open thermodynamic systems.
- An open system allows mass and energy transfer across its boundary.
- Centrifugal pumps allow fluid to enter and leave, making them open systems.
Step 2: Selecting the correct option.
Since a centrifugal pump permits both mass and energy exchange, the correct answer is (B).
One mole of a monoatomic ideal gas starting from state A, goes through B and C to state D, as shown in the figure. Total change in entropy (in J K\(^{-1}\)) during this process is ...............