Step 1: Understanding open thermodynamic systems. - An open system allows mass and energy transfer across its boundary. - Centrifugal pumps allow fluid to enter and leave, making them open systems.
Step 2: Selecting the correct option. Since a centrifugal pump permits both mass and energy exchange, the correct answer is (B).
Match List - I with List - II.

Consider the following statements:
(A) Availability is generally conserved.
(B) Availability can neither be negative nor positive.
(C) Availability is the maximum theoretical work obtainable.
(D) Availability can be destroyed in irreversibility's.
The bulking of the sand is increased in volume from 20% to 40% of various sand and moisture content ranges from ……… to ……….. percent.
