The core concern of geography as a discipline is to understand the Earth as the home of human beings, focusing on the interactions between humans and their environment, and the sustainability of this relationship. Geography looks at how human societies are distributed across the planet, the factors influencing these patterns, and the environmental sustainability necessary for future generations. This includes studying ecosystems, landforms, climate, and how human activities can impact the planet’s resources and sustainability. While all the options mentioned are important aspects of geography, the central aim is understanding the Earth in relation to humanity and ensuring its long-term sustainability.